Pulse pressure variation (PPV)
Stroke volume variation (SVV)
≥12% refect volume responsiveness
Vena cava diameter changes
Vt challenge
An increase in PPV of ≥3.5% refects preload responsiveness
End‑expiratory occlusion test
the diagnostic threshold is an increase in CO≥ 5%
Recruitment maneuvers
PEEP test
increase in CO (pulse contour analysis) ≥ 9% reliably detected preload responsiveness
這個附件中的圖有介紹各種測量適用的情境
下面四個圖有如何進行各項測量的操作
Using the ventilator to predict fluid responsiveness | Intensive Care Medicine (官網連結)
